Dementia

Dementia is not a specific disease. It's a term that describes a wide range of symptoms associated with a decline in memory or other thinking skills. It is called dementia if the decline is severe enough to reduce a person's ability to perform everyday activities.

Alzheimer's disease accounts for 60 to 80 percent of dementia cases. Vascular dementia, which occurs after a stroke, is the second most common dementia type. There are many other conditions that can cause symptoms of dementia. Some of these are reversible, such as thyroid problems and vitamin deficiencies.

Further information about types of dementia from the Alzheimer's Society.

Dementia is not a specific disease. It's a term that describes a wide range of symptoms associated with a decline in memory or other thinking skills. It is called dementia if the decline is severe enough to reduce a person's ability to perform everyday activities.

Alzheimer's disease accounts for 60 to 80 percent of dementia cases. Vascular dementia, which occurs after a stroke, is the second most common dementia type. There are many other conditions that can cause symptoms of dementia. Some of these are reversible, such as thyroid problems and vitamin deficiencies.

Further information about types of dementia from the Alzheimer's Society.

Dementia is often associated with memory loss but different types of dementia can have a variety of symptoms. These are some of the possible symptoms of dementia:

• Memory loss
• Difficulty with tasks that need organisation and planning
• Becoming confused about place or time, particularly in unfamiliar environments
• Difficulty finding the right words or following conversations
• Changes in personality and mood
• Difficulty judging distance or seeing objects differently to how they are
• Hallucinations and delusions
• Muscle wasting, changes to balance and posture or difficulty in physical movement

You can find more information about the symptoms of each type of dementia on the NHS website.

The Alzheimer's Research UK website has a helpful visual diagram that allows you to tour the brain. You can find out how dementia can affect different areas of the brain.

When a person develops dementia before the age of 65, this is known as ‘young onset dementia’. Over 70,800 people in the UK are living with young-onset dementia. It is also known as ‘early onset dementia’.

The impact of young onset dementia can affect younger adults differently as they are often working, driving, have financial commitments, such as a mortgage, and may have children still living at home. Find out more about living with dementia as a younger person.

Younger people with dementia are less likely to have memory loss as one of their first symptoms, compared with older people. For example, they could mainly have problems with language, vision or behaviour. They may also have problems with movement, balance or coordination.

You can read more about the different types of dementia and symptoms.

Getting a diagnosis:

People who experience dementia symptoms at a younger age may find it takes longer to get a diagnosis or a referral. Some doctors may not recognise the symptoms right away, so it’s a good idea to keep a diary of your symptoms and how they affect your everyday life. You can also contact Dementia UK’s Admiral Nurses, who are dementia specialist nurses.

If you are worried about yourself or someone else, talk to your doctor.

When a person develops dementia before the age of 65, this is known as ‘young onset dementia’. Over 70,800 people in the UK are living with young-onset dementia. It is also known as ‘early onset dementia’.

The impact of young onset dementia can affect younger adults differently as they are often working, driving, have financial commitments, such as a mortgage, and may have children still living at home. Find out more about living with dementia as a younger person.

Younger people with dementia are less likely to have memory loss as one of their first symptoms, compared with older people. For example, they could mainly have problems with language, vision or behaviour. They may also have problems with movement, balance or coordination.

You can read more about the different types of dementia and symptoms.

Getting a diagnosis:

People who experience dementia symptoms at a younger age may find it takes longer to get a diagnosis or a referral. Some doctors may not recognise the symptoms right away, so it’s a good idea to keep a diary of your symptoms and how they affect your everyday life. You can also contact Dementia UK’s Admiral Nurses, who are dementia specialist nurses.

If you are worried about yourself or someone else, talk to your doctor.

It is important to know that there are many reasons for memory loss apart from dementia. Many of us become more forgetful as we get older and need a bit longer to remember things. For most people, these changes will be the result of normal ageing and won't be down to dementia. Stress, tiredness, illness and some medication can also affect your memory.

If you are concerned about memory loss, you should visit your GP. Dementia is a progressive disease; the symptoms get worse over time. It is important to get a diagnosis as soon as possible. You may be able to get treatment to slow down the progress of the disease. This will also allow you more time to plan for the future and to access support to help you live well with the condition.

Your GP may want to refer you on for further tests. This referral could be to a community mental health team made up of a number of different specialists. They may carry out a scan or more in-depth memory tests. If you are diagnosed with dementia, they will be able to plan your care with you. This could include medication, memory courses and signposting to other services. Your GP will also be informed about your assessment and will then carry out a yearly review with you.

If you are worried that someone you know may have dementia, NHS and the Alzheimer’s Society have tips for starting a conversation with them about your concerns.

There may be equipment (particularly care technology such as GPS trackers and memory aids) which may help you with memory loss. See our Equipment / Care Technology page.

It is important to know that there are many reasons for memory loss apart from dementia. Many of us become more forgetful as we get older and need a bit longer to remember things. For most people, these changes will be the result of normal ageing and won't be down to dementia. Stress, tiredness, illness and some medication can also affect your memory.

If you are concerned about memory loss, you should visit your GP. Dementia is a progressive disease; the symptoms get worse over time. It is important to get a diagnosis as soon as possible. You may be able to get treatment to slow down the progress of the disease. This will also allow you more time to plan for the future and to access support to help you live well with the condition.

Your GP may want to refer you on for further tests. This referral could be to a community mental health team made up of a number of different specialists. They may carry out a scan or more in-depth memory tests. If you are diagnosed with dementia, they will be able to plan your care with you. This could include medication, memory courses and signposting to other services. Your GP will also be informed about your assessment and will then carry out a yearly review with you.

If you are worried that someone you know may have dementia, NHS and the Alzheimer’s Society have tips for starting a conversation with them about your concerns.

There may be equipment (particularly care technology such as GPS trackers and memory aids) which may help you with memory loss. See our Equipment / Care Technology page.

If you, or a friend or relative, have recently been diagnosed with dementia, you may be feeling scared, anxious or sad. There is currently no "cure" for dementia but there are several drugs that could help

It is important to know that many people who have the condition lead active, fulfilling lives.

Advice, support and resources

See our Community Directory listings for local and national support available for people living with dementia.
The Living With Dementia Toolkit is a set of resources. It is based on research and the expert experiences of people with dementia and their carers.
Dementia Support - Hampshire & IOW provides free emotional support, information and signposting to anyone and everyone living with dementia in Hampshire and the Isle of Wight. Helpline: 0344 324 6589 (Monday to Friday, 8am-6pm)
If you have been diagnosed with dementia, and live in the PO1 to PO6 area or have a GP within PO1 to PO6, the Remind dementia service can help you.
The Alzheimer’s Society offers a telephone support line - 0333 150 3456. They also have an online discussion forum, Talking Point, for anyone affected by dementia.
"This is me" is a simple leaflet which you can download. It is for anyone receiving professional care who is living with dementia or experiencing other communication difficulties. It can be used to record details about a person who can't easily share information about themselves.
There may be care technology which can help you.
'My Home Helper' has been developed to help people who care for someone living with memory issues. It is simple to use tablet computer doesn't need any interaction from the person living with dementia or memory issues.
My House of Memories app is an easy to use app designed for, and with, people living with dementia and their families and carers. It allow you to explore objects from the past and share memories together.
People living with dementia can be vulnerable to scams, phishing and other forms of cyber crime Blue Lamp Trust's Safe Online offer free online safety visits for older and vulnerable residents across Hampshire.

If you, or a friend or relative, have recently been diagnosed with dementia, you may be feeling scared, anxious or sad. There is currently no "cure" for dementia but there are several drugs that could help

It is important to know that many people who have the condition lead active, fulfilling lives.

Advice, support and resources

See our Community Directory listings for local and national support available for people living with dementia.
The Living With Dementia Toolkit is a set of resources. It is based on research and the expert experiences of people with dementia and their carers.
Dementia Support - Hampshire & IOW provides free emotional support, information and signposting to anyone and everyone living with dementia in Hampshire and the Isle of Wight. Helpline: 0344 324 6589 (Monday to Friday, 8am-6pm)
If you have been diagnosed with dementia, and live in the PO1 to PO6 area or have a GP within PO1 to PO6, the Remind dementia service can help you.
The Alzheimer’s Society offers a telephone support line - 0333 150 3456. They also have an online discussion forum, Talking Point, for anyone affected by dementia.
"This is me" is a simple leaflet which you can download. It is for anyone receiving professional care who is living with dementia or experiencing other communication difficulties. It can be used to record details about a person who can't easily share information about themselves.
There may be care technology which can help you.
'My Home Helper' has been developed to help people who care for someone living with memory issues. It is simple to use tablet computer doesn't need any interaction from the person living with dementia or memory issues.
My House of Memories app is an easy to use app designed for, and with, people living with dementia and their families and carers. It allow you to explore objects from the past and share memories together.
People living with dementia can be vulnerable to scams, phishing and other forms of cyber crime Blue Lamp Trust's Safe Online offer free online safety visits for older and vulnerable residents across Hampshire.

The Herbert Protocol has been created to help those that care for vulnerable people who may go missing. You can download and complete a 'Herbert Protocol form' and to record a range of information about the person you care for. You then keep this in a safe place so that it can be made immediately available to police and search teams if the person goes missing.

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